Russian Federation
Objective: to consider the necessity of developing and substantiating the choice of optimal laser scanning technology for solving railway track diagnostics problems in the context of a variety of modern surveying methods. The relevance of the work is due to the need to formalize the selection process between aerial (ALS), mobile (MLS) and terrestrial (TLS) laser scanning to obtain reliable spatial information ab infrastructure objects. Methods: the research is based on a comparative analysis of technical and operational parameters of the three technologies. The comparison was carried out according to a set of criteria including such parameters as: absolute accuracy, detail (point density), linear productivity, dependence on train traffic schedule, dependence on weather conditions, main “dead zones”, economics (conditional cost of surveying 1 km). The analysis was performed taking into account the specifics of linearly extended and point objects of railway infrastructure. Results: the study found that the effective application of each technology is determined by the specifics of the engineering tasks to be solved. A hierarchical priority structure of choice is revealed, where the requirements for metric accuracy and detail of the model act as a dominant factor (primary filter). This filter sets the permissible range of productivity and technical capabilities, which in turn are adjusted by the economic feasibility and operational constraints of a particular project. Also, areas of effective application for each technology were determined. Practical importance: the formulated criteria make it possible to formalize the procedure of technological audit at the stage of pre‑design surveys. The application of the developed approach minimizes the risks of obtaining unreliable data, optimizes costs and ensures the required completeness and detail of initial information for subsequent design, construction, reconstruction and maintenance of digital infrastructure models (BIM/TIM).
laser scanning, railway track diagnostics, aerial laser scanning (ALS), mobile laser scanning (MLS), terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), accuracy, productivity, digital track model
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