Russian Federation
Purpose: generalization of available methods to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment. To achieve this goal, the article discusses ways to intensify various sewage facilities. Methods: collection, comparison and systematization of existing methods for improving the efficiency of structures. Results: various options for improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment are considered, the most promising solutions for the modernization of both individual structures and devices for technological treatment of urban wastewater are identified. Practical significance: the use of recommended modern domestic developments in the reconstruction and/or construction of new wastewater treatment plants will allow achieving the degree of wastewater treatment required by the new standards with minimal costs, both monetary a nd temporary.
wastewater disposal systems, wastewater treatment, efficiency improvement, storage tanks, grids, aerated sand traps, settling tanks, thin-layer blocks, aerotanks, aftertreatment
1. SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 «Gigienicheskie normativy i trebovaniya k obespecheniyu bezopasnosti i (ili) bezvrednosti dlya cheloveka faktorov sredy obitaniya».
2. SanPiN 2.1.3684-21 «Sanitarno-epidemiologicheskie trebovaniya k soderzhaniyu territoriy gorodskih i sel'skih poseleniy, k vodnym ob'ektam, pit'evoy vode i pit'evomu vodosnabzheniyu, atmosfernomu vozduhu, pochvam, zhilym pomescheniyam, ekspluatacii proizvodstvennyh, obschestvennyh pomescheniy, organizacii i provedeniyu sanitarno-protivoepidemicheskih (profilakticheskih) meropriyatiy».
3. Patent № 2138317 C1 Rossiyskaya Federaciya, MPK B01D 21/00. Rezervuar-nakopitel' № 98122343/12; zayavl. 10.12.1998; opubl. 27.09.1999 / V. D. Zhuravlev, I. V. Zhuravleva, V. F. Babkin, M. I. Alekseev. Zayavitel': Voronezhskaya gosudarstvennaya arhitekturno-stroitel'naya akademiya. EDN ZCUYMM.
4. Zhuravleva I. V., Babkin V. F. Racional'nye tehnologii i progressivnye konstrukcii dlya povysheniya effektivnosti suschestvuyuschih stanciy ochistki gorodskih stochnyh vod // Inzhenernye sistemy i sooruzheniya. 2014. № 1 (14). S. 30–39.
5. Sleduya po puti modernizacii tipovyh KO k sovremennym trebovaniyam vodoochistki / Mishukov B. G., Ivanov V. G., Amelichkin S. G., Medvedev A. N. // Vodosnabzhenie i kanalizaciya. 2013. № 1–2. S. 76–86.
6. Ivanov V. G. Realizaciya principov tonkosloynogo otstaivaniya v razrabotkah kafedry «Vodosnabzhenie, vodootvedenie i gidravlika» // Novye dostizheniya v oblastyah vodosnabzheniya, vodootvedeniya, gidravliki i ohrany vodnyh resursov: sbornik statey Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoprakticheskoy konferencii. Sankt-Peterburg, 10 dekabrya 2015 goda. Peterburgskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet putey soobscheniya Imperatora Aleksandra I. 2016. S. 39–46. EDN XGVMQB.
7. Ivanov V. G. Izuchenie gidravlicheskih harakteristik potoka v tonkosloynyh otstoynikah // Novye dostizheniya v oblasti vodosnabzheniya, vodootvedeniya, gidravliki i ohrany vodnyh resursov: sbornik statey Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy 210-letiyu so dnya osnovaniya Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta putey soobscheniya Imperatora Aleksandra I, Sankt-Peterburg, 13–15 noyabrya 2019 goda / otvetstvennyy za vypusk: O. G. Kapinos. 2021. S. 52–58. EDN KGBBFY.
8. Ivanov V. G., Chernikov N. A., Tvardovskaya N. V. Tonkosloynyy flotator s kameroy hlop'eobrazovaniya: sbornik dokladov XVI Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-tehnicheskoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy pamyati akademika RAN S. V. Yakovleva // M.: Nacional'nyy issledovatel'skiy Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy stroitel'nyy universitet. 2021. S. 125–128. EDN QOFFEK. Obschetehnicheskie zadachi i puti ih resheniya ISSN 1815-588H. Izvestiya PGUPS 2024/2 329
9. Patent na poleznuyu model' № 122650 U1 Rossiyskaya Federaciya, MPK C02F 3/00. Aerotenk glubokoy ochistki stochnyh vod; № 2012128911/05; zayavl. 28.06.2012; opubl. 10.12.2012 / S. G. Amelichkin, A. N. Medvedev, V. G. Ivanov. EDN URVIET.
10. Patent na poleznuyu model' RU 68498 U1, 27.11.2007. Zayavka № 2007128122/22 ot 20.07.2007. Ustanovka dlya ochistki stochnyh vod / Ivanov V. G., Ganzhin A. V.
11. Patent na poleznuyu model' RU 87422 U1, 10.10.2009. Zayavka № 2009118762/22 ot 18.05.2009. Ustanovka dlya ochistki stochnyh vod / Ivanov V. G., Tvardovskaya N. V., Habazov N. V.
12. Patent na poleznuyu model' RU 166598 U1, 10.12.2016; zayavka № 2016118413/05 ot 11.05.2016 Ustanovka dlya ochistki stochnyh vod / Ivanov V. G., Tvardovskaya N. V., Maksimova E. V., Kruc' Yu. Yu.
13. Ivanov V. G., Tvardovskaya N. V., Habazov N. V. Ispol'zovanie emkosti vtorichnyh otstoynikov dlya doochistki stochnyh vod / Novye issledovaniya v oblastyah vodosnabzheniya, vodootvedeniya, gidravliki i ohrany vodnyh resursov. Materialy chetvertyh akademicheskih chteniy, posvyaschennyh 200-letiyu Universiteta putey soobscheniya. Ser. «Akademicheskie chteniya» // Rossiyskaya akademiya arhitektury i stroitel'nyh nauk. 2009. S. 82–83.
14. Importozameschayuschaya modernizaciya vtorichnyh otstoynikov / Maksimova E. V., Kruc' Yu. Yu., Ivanov V. G., Tvardovskaya N. V. // Transport: problemy, idei, perspektivy: sbornik trudov LXXVI Vserossiyskoy nauchno-tehnicheskoy konferencii studentov, aspirantov i molodyh uchenyh. 2016. S. 215–218.
15. Tvardovskaya N. V., Maksimova E. V. Doochistka biologicheski ochischennyh stochnyh vod / Novye dostizheniya v oblastyah vodosnabzheniya, vodootvedeniya, gidravliki i ohrany vodnyh resursov: sbornik statey Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii Sankt-Peterburg, 10 dekabrya 2015 goda // Peterburgskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet putey soobscheniya Imperatora Aleksandra I. SPb. 2016. S. 168–171.