Purpose: To organize operational automatic monitoring of the real state of one of the important technical elements of the Directorate of Communications and the Directorate of Infrastructure of JSC “Russian Railways” — of the grounding systems for communication, signaling, centralization and blockage (SCB). Methods: Comparative analysis of the technical characteristics of devices existing in the relevant telecommunications equipment market that implement the Internet of things technology and standard switching solutions for various devices with a unified monitoring and administration system (UMAS). Results: An optimal solution has been obtained for collecting and automatically transmitting information of such a parameter as the electrical resistance of the grounding device. A technical solution is proposed that allows to coordinate the collection of information by means of necessary sensors used in the implementation of the Internet of Things technology, network equipment and the transmission of information to the UMAS by means of a modular diagnostic complex and transmitting devices (switching equipment and multiplexers) provided by LLC “Pulsar-Telecom Design Bureau”. Practical significance: A comprehensive solution for collecting, transmitting and monitoring the condition of the object is proposed, which allows to respond promptly to changes in such an important parameter as the resistance of the grounding device in order to plan the activities of repair, operational and restoration teams and other services of enterprises of the directorates of communications and infrastructure. A comparative analysis of three technologies of the Internet of Things — LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, STRIZH, allowing to assess the advantages and disadvantages of each in achieving the goal.
The Internet of things, unified monitoring and administration system, automatic measurement of grounding resistance, LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, STRIZH
1. Rasporyazhenie Pravitel'stva RF ot 19 marta 2019 goda № 466-r «Dolgosrochnaya programma razvitiya OAO «Rossiyskie zheleznye dorogi» do 2025 goda». - URL: https://old-doc.rzd.ru/doc/public/ru?STRUCTURE_ID=704&layer_id=5104&refererLayerId=5101&id=7017.
2. Patent № 2736073 Rossiyskaya Federaciya. Ustroystvo dlya izmereniya soprotivleniya zazemleniya / A. M. Kostrominov, A. A. Kostrominov, R. O. Lozhkin i dr.; zayavitel' i pravoobladatel' Federal'noe gosudarstvennoe byudzhetnoe obrazovatel'noe uchrezhdenie vysshego obrazovaniya «Peterburgskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet putey soobscheniya Imperatora Aleksandra I». - zayavl. 11.03.2020; opubl. 11.11.2020.
3. Evdokimova O. G. Analiz metodov izmereniya soprotivleniya zazemliteley ustroystv avtomatiki i svyazi / O. G. Evdokimova, S. L. Shishigin, S. M. Kucenko i dr. // Avtomatika, svyaz', informatika. - 2023. - № 4. - S. 27-30. - DOI: 10,34649/AT.4.4.002.
4. Patent № 140217 Rossiyskaya Federaciya. Ustroystvo dlya izmereniya soprotivleniya zazemleniya / A. Yu. Pasekov, M. V. Pedanov, V. D. Tolmachev; zayavitel' i pravoobladatel' Nauchno-proizvodstvennaya firma Moskovskogo instituta energobezopasnosti i energosberezheniya «Pribory Mosgosenergonadzora»; zayavl. 24.12.2013; opubl. 10.05.2014.
5. Patent № 1128195 Soyuz Sovetskih Socialisticheskih Respublik. Ustroystvo dlya avtomaticheskogo izmereniya soprotivleniya zazemleniya / O. A. Petrov, Yu. V. Sitchihin, A. I. Sidorov; zayavitel' i pravoobladatel' Chelyabinskiy politehnicheskiy institut im. Leninskogo komsomola; zayavl. 12.07.1983; opubl. 07.12.1984.
6. LoRaWAN™ What is it? A technical overview of LoRa® and LoRaWAN™. - 2015. -20 p.
7. ETSI TR 103 526 V1.1.1 (2018-04) TECHNICAL REPORT System Reference document (SRdoc); Technical characteristics for Low Power Wide Area Networks Chirp Spread Spectrum (LPWAN-CSS) operating in the UHF spectrum below 1 GHz.
8. 2PNST 516-2021. Informacionnye tehnologii. Internet veschey. Specifikaciya LORAWAN RU.
9. Singh D. Ocenka LoRa Wan Evaluation dlya IoT-kommunikaciy / D. Singh, O. G. Aliu, M. Krechmer // Mezhdunarodnaya konferenciya 2018 goda po dostizheniyam v oblasti vychislitel'noy tehniki, svyazi i informatiki (ICACCI), Bangalor, Indiya, 2018. - C. 163-171. - DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACCI.2018.8554713.
10. Semtech. - URL: https://www.semtech.com (data obrascheniya: 20.03.2023).
11. LPWAN-tehnologiya «STRIZh» i besprovodnoy protokol XNB Opisanie produktov i tehnologii «STRIZh» // «Centr special'nyh kommunikaciy», «Sovremennye Radio Tehnologii». - 19 s.
12. Pavlova Z. H. Sovremennye tehnologii priemoperedachi izmeritel'noy informacii dlya organizacii sersornyh setey monitoringa ob'ektov neftegazovoy otrasli / Z. H. Pavlova, A. N. Krasnov, R. R. Baltin // Mezhdunarodnyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy zhurnal. - 2017. - № 5. - S. 79-81. - DOI:https://doi.org/10.23670/IRJ.2017.59.108.
13. Roenkov D. N. Tehnologiya «Strizh» i perspektivy ee primeneniya / D. N. Roenkov, N. V. Yaronova // Avtomatika, svyaz', informatika. - 2017. - № 9. - S. 9-12.
14. Strizh. - URL: https://strij.tech/ (data obrascheniya: 11.03.2023).
15. LTE-Advanced Pro Introduction eMBB Technology Components in 3GPP Release 13/14. White Paper - Munich, Germany: Rohde & Schwarz, 2017. - 50 p.
16. GOST R 59026-2020. Protokol besprovodnoy peredachi dannyh na osnove standarta LTE V REZhIME NB-IoT. Osnovnye parametry. - M.: Standartinform, 2020. - 65 s.
17. Nokia LTE Evolution for IoT Connectivity. - Espoo, Finland: Nokia, 2017 - 18 p.
18. Distancionnyy kontrol' // Gudok/Kuybyshevskiy zheleznodorozhnik. - 2012. - № 16. - S. 7.
19. Kuc A. V svyazi vlastvuet cifra / A. Kuc // Gudok/prizyv. - 2016. - № 31. - S. 7.
20. KB PUL'SAR-TELEKOM. - URL: https://www.pulsar-telecom.ru/ (data obrascheniya: 13.03.2023).
