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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Известия Петербургского университета путей сообщения</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1815-588X</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2658-6851</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">55844</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20295/1815-588X-2022-4-665-676</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Общетехнические задачи и пути их решения</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>GENERAL TECHNICAL PROBLEMS AND SOLUTION APPROACH</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Общетехнические задачи и пути их решения</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Cavitiyless Drain of Composite Profile Reinforced with Drainage Pipe</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Бесполостная дрена составного профиля, усиленная дренажной трубой</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Штыков</surname>
       <given-names>Валерий Иванович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Shtykov</surname>
       <given-names>Valeriy Ivanovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>shtykov41@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Пономарев</surname>
       <given-names>Андрей Борисович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Ponomarev</surname>
       <given-names>Andrey Borisovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>pol1nom@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University</institution>
     <city>St. Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution>
     <city>St. Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-20T20:59:47+03:00">
    <day>20</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-20T20:59:47+03:00">
    <day>20</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>19</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>665</fpage>
   <lpage>676</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-17T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>17</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://atjournal.ru/en/nauka/article/55844/view">https://atjournal.ru/en/nauka/article/55844/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель: Расчетное обоснование конструкции бесполостного дренажа, обеспечивающей эффективное осушение слабоводопроницаемых грунтов. Ранее была разработана методика гидравлического расчета бесполостной дрены составного профиля, закладываемой с уклоном, но без включения в нее дренажной трубы. Дренажная труба усиливает водоотводящую способность бесполостной дрены с сохранением всех остальных ее преимуществ. Методы: Использовано известное дифференциальное уравнение фильтрации жидкости в грунте. Особенно важно, что метод расчета может быть использован при всех режимах движения воды в дренаже: ламинарном, переходном или турбулентном. Для переходного и турбулентного режима применены зависимости, обоснованные экспериментами, проводившимися Северным научно-исследовательским институтом гидротехники и мелиорации. Сложная форма поперечного сечения дренажа учитывается с помощью специального коэффициента, который приводит ее к эквивалентному по площади прямоугольному сечению. Доказывается, что такой переход не приводит к значимой погрешности полученных результатов. Результаты: Получены зависимости, позволяющие рассчитать расходы, протекающие по бесполостной части дрены и по дренажной трубе. Если дрена имеет большую протяженность, то от нее целесообразно периодически отводить воду в поперечном направлении коллекторами. Выведены зависимости, по которым определяется расстояние между промежуточными коллекторами, куда вода поступает от дрен, закладываемых с уклоном и глубину воды в бесполостной части дрены в характерных сечениях. Практическая значимость: Бесполостной дренаж применяется в сельском хозяйстве, в системах инженерной защиты от подтопления и загрязнения окружающей среды. Бесполостные дрены составного профиля привлекли внимание железнодорожников: обеспечивая эффективное осушение земляного полотна, они одновременно увеличивают его несущую способность. Особенно эффективно его применение в слабоводопроницаемых грунтах при заложении в зону сезонного промерзания грунтов.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Purpose: Calculated substantiation of cavityless drain structure that provides for effective draining of poorly permeable soils. Hydraulic calculation methodology of composite profile cavityless drain, laid with a slope but without inclusion thitherwards of a drainage pipe, was developed earlier. Drainage pipe reinforces drainage capability of cavityless drain with the preservation of all its other advantages. Methods: Known differential equation of liquid filtration in a soil is used. It’s of special importance that the calculation method may be used at all modes of water movement in a drainage: laminar, transient or turbulent. The dependencies substantiated with experiments, held by Northern Scientific-Research Institute of Hydrotechnique and Melioration, were applied for transient and turbulent modes. The complex form of drainage transection is taken into account with the help of special coefficient which leads it to equivalent by area rectangular section. It’s proved that such transfer doesn’t lead to significant inaccuracy of results obtained. Results: Dependencies have been obtained allowing to calculate consumptions, flowing along drain cavityless part and along drain pipe. If drain is long, it’s feasible to divert a water periodically from it in lateral direction by collectors. Dependencies are derived which according to, the distance between intermediary collectors, whereto a water comes from drains that’re laid with a slope, and the water depth in drain cavityless part in characteristic sections are defined. Practical significance: Cavityless drainage is applied in agriculture, in the systems of engineering protection from environmental sinking and pollution. Cavityless drains of composite profile have attracted railwaymen’s attention providing effective draining of subgrade, they simultaneously increase its bearing capacity. Its application is especially effective on poorly permeable soils when laying in the zone of seasonable freezing of soils.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Бесполостная дрена</kwd>
    <kwd>гидравлический расчет</kwd>
    <kwd>дренаж</kwd>
    <kwd>земляное полотно</kwd>
    <kwd>составное сечение</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Cavityless drain</kwd>
    <kwd>hydraulic calculation</kwd>
    <kwd>drainage</kwd>
    <kwd>subgrade</kwd>
    <kwd>composite section</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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