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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin of scientific research results</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin of scientific research results</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Бюллетень результатов научных исследований</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2223-9987</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">126717</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20295/2223-9987-2026-2-105-117</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Проблематика транспортных систем</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>PROBLEMATIC OF TRANSPORT SYSTEM</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Проблематика транспортных систем</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Wave Processes in a 10 kV High-Voltage Railway Signalling Line Subjected to Serial Lightning Strikes</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Волновые процессы в высоковольтной линии автоблокировки 10 кВ при серийных ударах молнии</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Соловьев</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Дмитриевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Solov'ev</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr Dmitrievich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>shura.solovyov.01@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-29T15:27:53+03:00">
    <day>29</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-29T15:27:53+03:00">
    <day>29</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>2026</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>105</fpage>
   <lpage>117</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-01T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>01</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-05-18T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>18</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://atjournal.ru/en/nauka/article/126717/view">https://atjournal.ru/en/nauka/article/126717/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель: исследование волновых процессов в высоковольтной линии автоблокировки 10 кВ при серийных ударах молнии с учетом накопления энергии и деградации ограничителей перенапряжений, а также оценка влияния этих факторов на эффективность молниезащиты линии. Методы: использованы математическое и численное моделирование во временной области, основанное на методе переменных состояний, с применением аналитического задания токов молнии (функция Хайдлера), динамической модели канала молнии и энергетически зависимой модели ограничителей перенапряжений. Результаты: показано, что при серийных ударах молнии волновые процессы в линии накладываются во времени, что приводит к увеличению уровней перенапряжений. Установлено, что энергия, рассеиваемая в ограничителях перенапряжений, накапливается от удара к удару и достигает предельных значений уже при нескольких воздействиях. Выявлено, что работоспособность ОПН определяется не только мгновенными параметрами импульсов, но и суммарной энергетической нагрузкой, приводящей к деградации и возможному отказу устройства. Практическая значимость: заключается в возможности использования разработанной модели для расчетного анализа серийных грозовых воздействий и оценки энергетической нагруженности ограничителей перенапряжений при проектировании систем молниезащиты высоковольтных линий автоблокировки. Полученные результаты позволяют обосновать необходимость учета накопительных эффектов и перехода к энергетически согласованным схемам защиты, включая применение защищенных подходов к объектам железнодорожной автоматики и телемеханики.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>the objective of this study is to investigate wave processes in a 10 kV high-voltage automatic block line under multiple lightning strokes, taking into account energy accumulation and degradation of surge arresters, as well as to assess the influence of these factors on the effectiveness of lightning protection. Methods: the study employs mathematical and numerical modeling in the time domain based on the state-space&#13;
method. Lightning currents are represented using the analytical Heidler function, combined with a dynamic model of the lightning channel and an energy-dependent model of surge arresters. Results: it is shown that under multiple lightning strokes, wave processes in the line overlap in time, leading to increased overvoltage levels. It is established that the energy dissipated in surge arresters accumulates from stroke to stroke and reaches critical values after only a few events. It is demonstrated that the performance of surge arresters is determined not only by instantaneous voltage and current values, but also by the cumulative energy load, which may lead to degradation and eventual failure. Practical significance: the practical significance of the study lies in the applicability of the developed model for analyzing multiple lightning events and evaluating the energy loading of surge arresters in the design of lightning protection systems for high-voltage automatic block lines. The results substantiate the necessity of accounting for cumulative effects and transitioning to energy-coordinated protection schemes, including the implementation of protected approaches for railway automation and remote control systems.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>молния</kwd>
    <kwd>серийные удары</kwd>
    <kwd>волновые процессы</kwd>
    <kwd>железнодорожная автоматика и телемеханика</kwd>
    <kwd>энергетическая стойкость</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>lightning</kwd>
    <kwd>serial lightning strikes</kwd>
    <kwd>wave processes</kwd>
    <kwd>railway automation and remote control</kwd>
    <kwd>energy withstand capability</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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