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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Transport automation research</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Transport automation research</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Автоматика на транспорте</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2412-9186</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">126363</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20295/2412-9186-2026-12-02-114-127</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Живучесть, надежность, безопасность</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>VIABILITY, RELIABILITY, SAFETY</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Живучесть, надежность, безопасность</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Protected Approaches to Power Supply Inputs of Railway Automation and Remote control Devices under Lightning Strikes</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ЗАЩИЩЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ВВОДАМ ПИТАНИЯ УСТРОЙСТВ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОЙ АВТОМАТИКИ И ТЕЛЕМЕХАНИКИ ПРИ УДАРАХ МОЛНИИ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Соловьев</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Дмитриевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Solov'ev</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr Dmitrievich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>Shura.Solovyov.01@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-23T21:18:19+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-23T21:18:19+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>12</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>114</fpage>
   <lpage>127</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-23T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>23</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://atjournal.ru/en/nauka/article/126363/view">https://atjournal.ru/en/nauka/article/126363/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В статье рассматривается задача защиты вводов питания устройств железнодорожной автоматики и телемеханики от грозовых перенапряжений, распространяющихся по воздушным линиям автоблокировки 10 кВ. Показано, что при прямых и повторных ударах молнии вводной ограничитель перенапряжений, установленный непосредственно у защищаемого объекта, может испытывать недопустимую токовую и энергетическую нагрузку, что снижает устойчивость системы защиты. Для исследования указанных процессов разработана объединенная математическая модель системы «воздушная линия — ввод питания — средства защиты», включающая трехфазную распределенную модель линии, источник грозового воздействия на основе функции Хайдлера, модель ввода питания релейного шкафа, частотно-зависимую модель заземляющего устройства и нелинейные модели ограничителя перенапряжений и мультикамерных разрядников. Численная реализация модели выполнена в среде MATLAB.Проведены вычислительные эксперименты для одиночных и серийных ударов молнии при различных конфигурациях защищенных подходов и схемах размещения защитных аппаратов на линии. Установлено, что равномерная установка ограничителей перенапряжений по длине линии не обеспечивает требуемой устойчивости при энергоемких импульсах типа 10/350 мкс вследствие превышения допустимой энергонагрузки аппаратов. Показано, что применение мультикамерных разрядников позволяет существенно снизить напряжение на вводе питания и нагрузку на вводной ограничитель перенапряжений. Полученные результаты подтверждают перспективность пространственно-организованных схем защиты, обеспечивающих поэтапное ограничение грозовой волны и перераспределение импульсной энергии между несколькими аппаратами при одиночных и серийных ударах молнии.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>the article addresses the protection of power supply inputs of railway automation and remote-control devices against lightning overvoltages propagating along 10 kV overhead autoblocking lines. It is shown that during direct and repeated lightning strikes, the surge arrester installed directly at the protected facility may be subjected to unacceptable current and energy loads, which reduces the stability of the protection system. To investigate these processes, an integrated mathematical model of the system “overhead line – power supply input – protective devices” has been developed, including a threephase distributed-parameter line model, a lightning impact source based on the Heidler function, a relay cabinet power supply input model, a frequency-dependent grounding system model, and nonlinear models of surge arresters and multi-chamber arresters. The numerical implementation of the model was carried out in MATLAB. Computational experiments were performed for single and multiple lightning strikes under various protected-approach configurations and different arrangements of protective devices along the line. It was found that the uniform installation of surge arresters along the line does not provide the required stability under high-energy 10/350 μs impulses due to the exceedance of the permissible energy load of the devices. It is shown that the use of multi-chamber arresters makes it possible to significantly reduce the voltage at the power supply input and the load on the input surge arrester. The results obtained confirm the promise of spatially organized protection schemes that provide step-by-step limitation of the lightning wave and redistribution of impulse energy among several devices under single and multiple lightning strikes.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>удар молнии</kwd>
    <kwd>математическая модель</kwd>
    <kwd>защищенные подходы</kwd>
    <kwd>импульсные перенапряжения</kwd>
    <kwd>железнодорожная автоматика и телемеханика</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>lightning strike</kwd>
    <kwd>mathematical model</kwd>
    <kwd>protected approaches</kwd>
    <kwd>impulse overvoltages</kwd>
    <kwd>railway automation and remote control</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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