%0 Journal Article %T Hydraulic Hits in Penstocks with Above-Ground Laying %A Kapinos, O.G. %A Tvardovskaya, N.V. %K Pressure pipelines, water hammer, flow continuity, design, operation, permafrost, above-ground laying, steel pipes, polymer pipes %J Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University %D 2023 %N 20 %P 11 %I FSBEI HE "Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University"