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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Известия Петербургского университета путей сообщения</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1815-588X</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2658-6851</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">53037</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20295/1815-588X-2022-3-432-443</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Проблематика транспортных систем</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>PROBLEMATIC OF TRANSPORT SYSTEM</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Проблематика транспортных систем</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Operational Geodetic Check of Bottom-Hole Zone Deformations at Innovative Tunneling Technologies</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Оперативный геодезический контроль деформаций призабойной зоны при инновационных технологиях проходки туннелей</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Афонин</surname>
       <given-names>Дмитрий Андреевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Afonin</surname>
       <given-names>Dmitriy Andreevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кавказский</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Николаевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kavkazskiy</surname>
       <given-names>Vladimir Nikolaevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>Kavkazskiy_vn@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Никитчин</surname>
       <given-names>Андрей Андреевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Nikitchin</surname>
       <given-names>Andrey Andreevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution>
     <city>St. Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-25T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-25T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>19</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>432</fpage>
   <lpage>443</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-09-23T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>23</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://atjournal.ru/en/nauka/article/53037/view">https://atjournal.ru/en/nauka/article/53037/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель: Рассмотреть вопрос выполнения оперативного контроля деформаций призабойной зоны тоннеля с использованием технологии наземного лазерного сканирования при проходке тоннеля новоавстрийским методом туннелирования, который является наиболее прогрессивным и экономически целесообразным методом строительства подземных сооружений горным способом. Сущность этого метода заключается в том, что в качестве крепи призабойной зоны тоннеля используется самонесущая оболочка из набрызг-бетона без использования традиционных методов крепления, что позволяет существенно экономить время на проходку тоннелей, особенно имеющих сложную геометрию и нестандартные габариты. При этом концептуальной основой данного метода является необходимость оперативного выявления деформаций грунтового массива призабойной зоны, обоснованная необходимостью обеспечения безопасности ведения работ. Методы: В качестве основного метода определения геопространственного положения призабойной зоны тоннеля предложено рассмотреть технологию наземного лазерного сканирования. Обработка результатов сканирования выполнена в специализированном программном комплексе Leica Cyclone 3DR. Результаты: Рассмотрен существующий опыт геодезического контроля деформаций в туннелировании новоавстрийским методом. Представлены результаты обработки данных наземного лазерного сканирования отдельного фрагмента тоннеля, получена его математическая трехмерная модель, и выполнена оценка отклонений фактической поверхности тоннеля от полученной теоретической поверхности. Практическая значимость: Полученная трехмерная модель может быть в дальнейшем использована для геодезического контроля деформаций. Обоснованы теоретические основы оценки требуемой точности определения деформационных характеристик, которые базируются на переходе от строительных допусков к средним квадратическим погрешностям определения деформационных характеристик и затем к средним квадратическим погрешностям координат точек лазерного сканирования. Определены укрупненные этапы сканирования с учетом технологии проходки тоннелей новоавстврийским методом.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Purpose: To consider the issue on performance of operational control of deformations of tunnel bottomhole zone with the use of ground-based laser scanning technology when tunneling with New Austrian tunneling method which is the most progressive one and feasible in economics terms for underground building construction by mining. The essence of this method is in that as a support for tunnel bottom-hole zone, a self-supporting shell made of sprayed concrete without traditional fastening method usage is applied that allows to save time for tunneling significantly, especially of those tunnels which have complex geometry and non-standard dimensions. At the same, the conceptual basis for this method is the necessity to identify operatively bottomhole zone soil mass deformations that’s justified by the need to provide job realization safety. Methods: As a major method for to determine tunnel bottomhole zone geospatial position it is proposed to consider ground-based laser scanning technology. Scanning result processing was implemented in specialized software package Leica Cyclone 3DR. Results: Existing experience of geodetic check of deformations in tunneling by New Austrian method is considered. Processing results for data on ground laser scanning of a tunnel separate fragment are presented, a tunnel mathematical three-dimensional model is obtained and assessment of deviations of tunnel actual surface from obtained theoretical one is fulfilled. Practical significance: The obtained threedimensional model can be further used for geodetic monitoring of deformations. Theoretical bases for estimation required accuracy for deformation characteristics definition are substantiated which are based on the transition from construction tolerances to average quadratic errors of deformation characteristics definition and then to average quadratic errors of coordinates for laser scanning points. The enlarged stages of scanning are defined with view of tunneling technology of New Austrian method.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Новоавстрийский метод туннелирования</kwd>
    <kwd>геодезический контроль деформаций</kwd>
    <kwd>призабойная зона тоннеля</kwd>
    <kwd>наземное лазерное сканирование</kwd>
    <kwd>трехмерная модель</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>New Austrian tunneling method</kwd>
    <kwd>geodesic deformation check</kwd>
    <kwd>tunnel bottomhole zone</kwd>
    <kwd>groundbased laser scanning</kwd>
    <kwd>three-dimensional model</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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